Sometimes, when you heard or saw the conversation of a professional or an experienced web developer do you ever feel like there are many words which you don’t know? terms like:- https, Session, Cookie, TLS, etc. But trust me, once you understand the meaning of these words then, they would be very easy for you.
So, let’s go understand the meaning of these words. 🫡
1. HTTP :- Hypertext transfer protocol
Hypertext transfer protocol is nothing but an way of by which an computer and server talk to each other and share information. Means, bas yeh ek protocol( niyam ) ha jinko follow karke data server tak pahuchata hai.
Hypertext: Fancy word for the clickable links and web pages you see on the internet.
Transfer: Moving information between your computer and a website.
Protocol: The rules computers follow to talk to each other.
For Example::-
Maan lo, aap ek restaurant me gye aur apne waha par waiter ko bula ke kuch order place kiya. So, here you are an browser, jo website ka data request kar raha ha and here, waiter is like an HTTP jo ek medium ki tarha kam kar raha ha to process your request and here Kitchen is like an “Server” from which waiter(i.e. HTTP) get your response (data) and give it to you !
2. Session 📑
Session is like an connection between your computer (the client) and the website (server) which lasts till you are in the website. Basically, it store some data about who are you and what are doing on the website.
NEED:- So, we know that the http is a stateless, means it doesn’t know anything about you. So, i order to solve this issue “Session” helps.
Session keep’s track of user identity, login credentials, personalization information, recent actions, shopping cart items, and more.
For Example::-
Maan lo, jab aap restaurant (the website ) me gye so, the waiter (the server) will temporarily remember you table number what is your order and what is your total bill. Once you leave the restaurant, the waiter( server ) will forgot everything about you( Session ends )
3. Cookie 🍪
Cookie is like an small piece of information which is stored in your web browser itself. It is every time sent to your browser when you visit a website. It store basic information like login details, your preferences, your cart details etc. This is basically “remember” you so, whenever you again visit website it tell website about your login details and preferences**. Cookie stored all the session information inside it.**
For Example::
Jab aap, apne best friend ko btate ho ki yeh meri Crush🥰 ha and your friend ( who also have crush on same girl ) yeh yaad rakhe ga .So, jabhi bhi aapki crush apke pass se jaygi (means, every time you visit the website ) so your friend (the cookie) will tease you ki “who dekh bahabi” 😍 (means cookie is remember you)
4. Headers
Headers store some additional information and they are sent by your browser whenever you are requesting something from the server.
Headers basically, stores info. like client id, browser info, date & time, & sends cookie stored on browser to the server etc.
For Example:-
Jab aap, baar baar kissi ek hi restaurant me khana khate ho tho the waiter of the restaurant (the browser) who appko yaad kar leta ha ki aap kab visit karte, ho,aap kya order karte ho etc. and woh apko discount 💵bhi deta ha. So, header are important just like you daily visits top restaurant.
5. Request-Response Model:-
Client (browser) server ko request bhejta hai, aur server usse response karta hai. This is nothing but an model which tells us how an server and client communicate together.
What action to perform? Tum kya request karna chahte ho? (e.g., POST, GET, UPDATE, DELETE…)
Where to perform? Kaunsi jagah pe request karni hai? (e.g., Twitter, Instagram, etc.)
Was it done? Kya jo tumne request bheji thi, vo puri hui? Uska response kya aaya? (response code)
Here are some response codes:
200 OK: Request successful, data returned.
201 Created: New resource created after successful request.
204 No Content: Request successful, but no content to send.
400 Bad Request: Malformed request.
404 Not Found: Resource not found.
6. HTTPS:- Hypertext Transfer Protocol Security 🔐
Https is nothing but secured path to transfer data. As, we know the http is send data openly so anyone van read. To solve this HTTPS is provide encryption which does not allow and other user to see the data transfer.
NOTE:- HTTPS is singly is an marketing gimmick basically the main hand to encrypt data is TLS (Transport Layer Security) 👮♂️
TLS:- It is basically an protocol that encrypts the data sent over a network. It ensure that data is transfer properly without and data leak. 👀
7. Transmission Control Protocol
Transmission Control Protocol is nothing but an way or you a say a set of rules which is used to transfer data over a network. TCP yeh ensure karta ha kii apka data correct way ma server tak pahuch jaye !
For Example:-
Maan lijiye, aap ne apne dost ko koi private pictures😉 send ki but, woh pictures apke sender ne dost ki bjaye cruch ko send kardi. Tho apko pata ha kya ho sakta ha 🫡. So, TCP ensure that your data will reach at destination you mentioned.
8. Internet Protocol 🪖
Internet Protocol is an method or you can set of rules(niyam) by which the data is sent to one computer to another or to the internet.
9. IP address 📍
Internet protocol address is an unique address assigned to every computer which is connected to the internet. Means, Ip address system ka woh address hota ha jiske dwara woh dusre system, internet se communicate karta ha.
For Example:-
Jaise, apke ghar ka ek unique address hota ha waise hi har ek computer ka unique address hota ha. Maan lijiye, ab apke dost ne apko letter bejna ha but uske pass address nahi ha so, woh apko send nahi kar sakta. Yehi problem ha ki agar apko data send karna ha par apko ip address nahi pata tho apka data ghumta rehe ga. ➰ Yeh ek tara ka “home address” ha hamre computer ka on the internet
10. DNS:- Domain Name System Server 😶🌫️
Jab, aap browser par koi url serach karte ho tho apka browser first DNS ko bolta ha ki “bhai muzea is url ka ip address do” . So, DNS ek phone me contacts app ☎️ ki traha ha jo har koi site ka ip address store karke rakhta ha jaise ki contacts sare number store karta ha 📞.
We can also say that the DNS is like an “HASHMAP!” because for every particular Url (key) is store its IP address (Value). 🔑🪪